Can a food app make you healthier?

Boyd Swinburn, Professor of Population Nutrition and Global Health at the University of Auckland explains how a popular new app is identifying the healthiness of our food, by partnering consumers with scientists.

If unhealthy food environments are driving up the obesity epidemic, then how are governments and the food industry responding and are the food environments they are creating for us getting healthier? 

For example: Are processed foods reducing in salt, sugar or fat? Are our children exposed to less unhealthy food marketing on TV, the internet, and through sponsorship? Is healthier food getting cheaper? Are food labels getting easier to interpret? Is the proportion of schools meeting healthy food guidelines increasing?

I think these are all good questions – in fact critical for our nutritional health - but who is answering them?  All countries signed up to World Health Organisation’s plan for monitoring changes in non-communicable diseases and its risk factors like high blood pressure, high cholesterol and obesity.

But this monitoring framework will not answer any of the food policy and environment questions I posed above. A group of academics at a dozen or so universities around the world and several global non-government organisations, including Consumers International, thought that this was not good enough. So we decided to create our own monitoring system to complement WHO’s efforts. 

We set up a group called INFORMAS which stands for International Network for Food and Obesity/NCD Research, Monitoring and Action Support (www.informas.org).

It seems all organisations and projects need acronyms these days and interestingly, ‘informas’ turns out to be Esperanto for the present tense of the verb to inform, so I think it is quite appropriate (and easily searchable which is important in the electronic age).

INFORMAS has got straight to work and recently  published a set of papers on how we should be monitoring and benchmarking food environments. The next question, once we are through pilot testing the measurements in several countries, is how do we see consumers being involved?

This to me is one of the really exciting parts of this whole INFORMAS endeavour. Working with Bupa Australia, our INFORMAS colleagues at the George Institute for Global Health are already using crowdsourcing of data in some countries where a free smartphone app called Foodswitch has been launched.

Consumers can use it to scan the barcodes of foods and get nutrient information in the form of traffic lights to reflect low, medium or high amounts of salt, saturated fat, and sugar and it even suggests alternative healthier choices if appropriate.

This app has been very popular wherever it has been launched and in fact consumers have also been able to help keep the database up to date because if the barcode is not recognised the consumer is asked to take photos of the package and send them in so that the food can be added to the database – truly a collaborative effort of scientists and consumers.

But we have even more in mind as INFORMAS progresses. We eventually want to have the same sort of crowdsourcing for instances of marketing to children and we plan to include the public in our systems for rating how well governments and companies are doing in terms of giving us the type of food environments that make healthy food choices the easy or even default choices.

One thing that has seriously been lacking in the whole debate on preventing obesity and other diet-related health problems is the strong voice of the consumer.

We need this to create the demand for governments and companies to act more in the public interest on food matters. We hope that INFORMAS will provide the platform for that voice.

Lifestyle diseases will be responsible for almost three-quarters of deaths by 2020

CI’s Justin Macmullan explains why NCDs are a consumer issue and what CI is doing to help improve the path to health.

One of the greatest health challenges facing the world today is how to reduce the incidence of diseases such as cancer, heart disease and diabetes.

The World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates that worldwide, these diseases (known as noncommunicable diseases (NCD)) currently represent 43% of the burden of disease and are expected to be responsible for 73% of all deaths by 2020.

Most of this increase will be accounted for by emerging NCD epidemics in developing countries.

The prevalence of these diseases is closely linked to four risk factors; unhealthy diets, a lack of exercise, smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.

This means the challenge of reducing these diseases is very much a consumer issue - how to help consumers to live healthier lives.

Healthier diets

Last week I joined a group of academics and civil society groups from around the world for the inaugural meeting of the International Network for Food and Obesity/Non-communicable Diseases Research, Monitoring and Action Support (INFORMAS).

INFORMAS seeks to address what some believe to be the most pressing of these challenges – unhealthy diets – by monitoring the ‘food environments’ that influence our dietary choices.

Food environments are made up of all the different factors that influence the availability, affordability and acceptability of food, and together, this group aims to develop rigorous international tools to monitor these developments.

Issues under discussion include the sort of food that is available to consumers, the cost of that food, the information that is available about that food and the marketing of food to children. Crucially, INFORMAS will also look at the public and private policies that affect these different factors.

It’s an ambitious programme but, from CI’s perspective, these tools will not only be important for the development of our members’ own tests and surveys but the results will provide invaluable evidence for our advocacy on food and nutrition.

UN targets

This work will also take on added significance in the light of recent UN commitments to monitor countries’ progress in tackling NCDs.

Most of the benchmarks for monitoring which are being developed by the WHO are likely to track the incidence of the diseases and the risk factors, but, of course it will be international, regional and national policies that will drive progress.

Improving diets is no small challenge. Many countries have already followed a path that leads to more processed food and higher levels of fat, sugar and salt in the diet, but with the evidence generated by the INFORMAS tools, and our members’ on the ground experience, CI will be well placed to argue for policies that will reverse the growing number of people suffering from these diseases.